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What is Cortisol?

Cortisol is a hormone, which is produced by the body to reflect emotional and physical stress. Thus, Cortisol is also called as the "stress hormone." Nevertheless, high levels of Cortisol do not necessarily represent stress. Cortisol is controlled by the adrenal cortex and also known as an adrenal cortical hormone, a glucocorticoid and hydrocortisone or cortisone.

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Cortisol has muscle breakdown effect on tissue and is associated with a decrease in muscle growth hormones (IGF-1 & GH). That is why reducing levels of cortisol can help athlete achieve tissue growth and accept positively exercise training. Cortisol has impact not only on our body weight, but also on mood, sleep, sex drive, bone condition, ligament health, cardiovascular health, and athletic performance.

Any type of physical or mental stress can possibly increase the production of Cortisol. Therefore, Cortisol and depression will be discussed at the same time. Once the levels of Cortisol become abnormal, we might signal emotional problems because Cortisol has many important functions for the body, such as regulating metabolism and blood pressure. After stressful matters were settled, the levels of Cortisol will back to normal. After a long term of being stressful, our body begins to increase Cortisol levels which might stimulate our appetite and let us eat inappropriately to meet our emotional needs and that will result in gaining weight and accumulating fat.

However, the amount of Cortisol produced in response to stress can be differentiated among individuals. According to studies, those women who tend to react to stress with high levels of Cortisol secretion are more easily to eat more when under stress than those women who produced less Cortisol. And, those women who accumulate fat in the abdominal area have higher Cortisol levels than those women who accumulate fat mainly in their hips.


 
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